The Adoption Process

When couples decide they want to adopt, they must decide which type of adoption is best for them - the options include agency, relative (including stepparent), international, and independent adoption.

Adoption Requirements

Prospective adoptive parents should be aware every type of adoption has its own requirements - including waiting periods, paperwork, and rules or standards - as well as its own costs. Additionally, most states impose different pre-adoption requirements for most types of adoptions. Couples are encouraged to learn about their chosen type of adoption’s process and their state's adoption laws before choosing to adopt a child.

Home Study Investigation

After deciding on a specific type of adoption, adoptive parents should prepare for a home study investigation, which is conducted by the agency or group handling the adoption. The home study is treated as an investigation of prospective parents’ physical and mental health, marital and financial stability, criminal history, and general lifestyle habits, and it is also regarded as an informational session during which they can learn more about the child they might adopt. The social worker or agency representative then answers any questions raised about the adoption process or the child.

Can I still adopt if my home study returns unfavorable results?

If you receive a negative home study evaluation that labels you unfit to adopt, you may contest it. However, appeal processes vary from state to state, so adoptive parents should research their states’ policies.